![]() ![]() Better knowledge of the adaptability and reproductive behavior of Norway maple populations may help to increase future consideration of this tree species, which is suitable as a mixed tree species, to diversify species composition in forests. To date, Norway maple has played only a minor role in forests, although the wood is similar to that of sycamore (Roloff and Pietzarka 1998). However, Norway maple is also adaptable to other conditions, such as moderately moist to very dry sites (reviewed in Caudullo and de Rigo 2016). The species prefers to grow on deep, nutrient-rich soils with sufficient water supply. It occurs in scattered or in small populations and is predominantly mixed with other tree species. The Norway maple ( Acer platanoides L.) is a tree species native to Central Europe and Germany. Conclusions are drawn for the establishment of new seed orchards and for further research. The number of ramets per clone in the seed set has a significant impact on the proportion of genetic contribution per clone to total seed yield. Four flower types were observed, with protogynous and hermaphrodite types contributing more female gametes, while the protandrous type is highly variable in its female or male contributions. ![]() The total seed had proportions of 68% outcrossed offspring between clones of the seed orchard, 11% selfing and 20% external pollination. We used a recently developed set of species-specific SSR markers to genotype the parental clones and respective seed samples. In a first step, we conducted a mating system analysis in a seed orchard. The sexual system of Norway maple is known as heterodichogamous, with male-first and female-first flowering individuals mixed in a population. However, little knowledge exists on the phenotypic variation in the natural range, and no studies on the reproductive behavior of this monoecious and insect-pollinated tree species. Since Norway maple is considered to be adaptable to climate change, it has increasingly become a focus of forestry as one of the so-called alternative tree species to diversify species composition in forests. Norway Maple Fruit - Photo by Bill Cook, Michigan State University, Bugwood.Norway maple ( Acer platanoides L.) is a tree species native to Central Europe and occurs in scattered or in small populations mixed with other tree species. Norway Maple Twigs - Photo by Paul Wray, Iowa State University Norway Maple Flowers - Photo by Paul Wray, Iowa State University Norway Maple Bark - Photo by Paul Wray, Iowa State University Norway Maple Leaf - Photo by Paul Wray, Iowa State University The fruit is a samara two papery wings, each about 2 inches long, and maturing in the early autumn. The Norway maple has been planted throughout North America as an urban ornamental shade tree due to its high tolerance to urban pollution. The Norway maple will also hold its foliage for two weeks longer than native North American maples in autumn. Additionally, the leaves are a darker green, turning pale yellow in autumn. However, Norway maple has one definitive characteristic a milky sap is present when a petiole is broken. The leaves are very similar to sugar maple. The leaves are 5 to 7-lobed with irregular serrated margins, measuring 4 to 7 inches in both length and width, petioles are 3 to 4 inches in length. Seed Stratification: Prechill 2 months at 34☏ to 40☏ Site requirements vary with the species of maple. ![]() Site Requirements: Maple trees perform best in moist, well-drained soils. Height: Mature height varies with species. Tree canopies may be very dense or wide spreading. Mature Shape: Maples typically have a large, rounded crown. Slower growing maples have heavier, harder wood, making them less susceptible to branch and limb drop. Maples that are fast growing tend to have weak wood and may suffer from wind and ice damage. When selecting a maple tree, be sure to select a species suited for Iowa's winter. Most fall into zones 4 through 8, but some are less tolerant of cold or heat than others. It can reach heights of up to 100 feet, but is commonly seen at 40 to 60 feet, with a trunk diameter of 1 to 2 feet. A native to Europe, the Norway maple is a medium to large size tree. ![]()
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